Work, Energy, and Power (JSS 2-Basic Science Lesson Note: Second Term, Week First)

Lesson Plan for JSS Two (Age 12)

Subject: Basic Science
Class: JSS 2
Week of the Second Term: 1st Week
Topic: Work, Energy, and Power
Sub-Topic: Meaning of work, energy, and power; Concept of work, energy, and power; Forms of energy (Heat, Light, Kinetic, Potential, etc.)

Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. Define work, energy, and power, using real-life examples to illustrate their understanding.
2. Describe the different forms of energy, including heat, light, kinetic, and potential energy, with practical examples.
3. Calculate work done using the formula W = F × d in a given scenario.

Entry Behaviour:
Students should already know basic definitions of force and distance from previous lessons.

Instructional Materials:

• Basic Science textbook
• Visual aids (charts showing different forms of energy)
• Flashcards with definitions and examples

Reference Materials
Oyinlola, M., B. Rahaman, & Ezeume, I. (2014). Basic Science For Junior Secondary School 2 Textbook (BEC Edition). Spectrum Books Limited. Lagos.

Bajah, S. T., Ango, M. L., Ryan, J. O., Inyang, N. E. U., Samuel, P. S., Okebukola, P. A. O., Akezuilo, E. O., & Otuka, J. O. E. (2014). Basic Science For Junior Secondary School 2 Textbook (BEC Edition). University Press PLC. Lagos.

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Content
Work, Energy, and Power

In science, the concepts of work, energy, and power are essential to understanding how things move and interact in our world. Let’s break down each of these ideas and explore the different forms of energy.

Meaning of Work, Energy, and Power

1. Work:
   Work is done when a force causes an object to move. It is calculated using the formula:
2. Power is measured in watts (W), where 1 watt equals 1 joule of work done per second. For example, a more powerful machine can do the same work in less time compared to a less powerful one.

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Concept of Work, Energy, and Power

• Work and Energy Relationship:
  Work and energy are closely related because when work is done on an object, it changes the energy of that object. For instance, when you lift a book off the ground, you do work on the book, giving it gravitational potential energy.
• Power in Daily Life:
  In our daily lives, we use power in various ways. For example, a light bulb uses electrical power to produce light, while a car engine uses power to move the vehicle. The higher the power rating, the more work the device can do in a given time.

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Forms of Energy

Energy comes in several different forms, each with its own unique characteristics:

1. Kinetic Energy:
   This is the energy of motion. Any moving object has kinetic energy, which depends on its mass and speed. The formula for kinetic energy is:

1. Light Energy (Radiant Energy):
   This is the energy that travels in waves and can be seen as visible light. It is produced by sources like the Sun, light bulbs, and fire. Light energy is important for photosynthesis in plants.
2. Chemical Energy:
   This is the energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds. When these bonds break during a chemical reaction, energy is released. For example, food provides chemical energy for our bodies, and batteries store chemical energy that can be converted to electrical energy.
3. Electrical Energy:
   This is the energy of electric charges. It powers our homes and devices. When you switch on a light, electrical energy is converted into light energy.
4. Nuclear Energy:
   This is the energy stored in the nucleus of atoms. Nuclear reactions can release a large amount of energy, which is used in nuclear power plants.

Step 1: Introduction

Lesson Presentation (Step-by-Step Procedure)

Others removed.